Figure 1. A pedicle flap with releasing incisions on the caudal aspect of the mandibular 3rd incisor and then mesial to the 1st mandibular premolar. The distal releasing incision extends obliquely along the caudal border of the labial frenulum (indicated by the green arrow).

Extraction of the mandibular canine tooth in dogs

The tooth has a long root, and extensive alveolectomy is often required to facilitate the extraction. A pedicle flap is therefore usually the most appropriate flap to use. Releasing incisions should...