Figure 1. Transverse contrast-enhanced computed tomography of an 8-year-old female neutered West Highland White Terrier with an insulinoma at the border of the pancreatic body and the right pancreatic limb. A nodular lesion (asterisk) is noted deforming the contours of the pancreas (A). The pancreatic nodule is strongly hyper-attenuating on the arterial phase (B)

Advances in diagnosis and management of canine insulinoma: a review

The most common clinical signs associated with canine insulinomas are as follows, along with the corresponding percentage of cases (Dunn et al, 1993; Ryan et al, 2021):.

Figure 1. Example of several experts evaluating the area to be biopsied at the same time.

Minimally invasive laparoscopic methods of biopsy in small animal practice

From a technical point of view, laparoscopic exploration is especially interesting when clinicians require a direct, real and magnified view of the less accessible abdominal structures; such as...

Figure 1. Example of several experts evaluating the area to be biopsied at the same time.

Minimally invasive laparoscopic methods of biopsy in small animal practice

From a technical point of view, laparoscopic exploration is especially interesting when clinicians require a direct, real and magnified view of the less accessible abdominal structures; such as...

Figure 1. Magnetic resonance imaging study of a 5-year-old Yorkshire Terrier diagnosed with presumptive Leigh-like subacute necrotising encephalopathy. T2-weighted transverse (A) and T1 weighted transverse (B) dorsal pre-contrast (C) and dorsal post-contrast images at the level of the thalamus. D) Bilateral, symmetrical, well circumscribed areas within the mid-thalamus were identified (indicated by arrows), presumed to be the lateral geniculate nuclei.

A review of mitochondrial disease in dogs

The aetiology of mitochondrial diseases classically involves inheritable genetic mutations in mtDNA and nDNA coding for mitochondrial components, as well as de novo mutations within the individual...

CPD article: Sedation and general anaesthesia of the portosystemic shunt patient

A portosystemic shunt connects the portal circulation to the central circulation, bypassing the liver (Watson, 2014 a). The normal liver receives blood leaving the digestive tract via the hepatic...

Figure 14. Photograph of a pug immediately before combined medial canthoplasty and Hotz-Celsus surgery. Note the medial entropion, large nasal folds, exoptropia, and large amount of visible sclera.

Brachycephalic ocular syndrome in dogs

The cornea, tears and eyelids are a functional unit. A good analogy would be the windscreen of a car, which relies on wipers and washer water and additives to stay clear and functional. There are...

Figure 1. Two ventrodorsal views of the pelvis of a one-year-old Domestic Medium Haired Cat presenting with acute onset left hind limb lameness. Note that on the hip extended view on the left, the slipped capital femoral epiphysis is difficult to appreciate with very mild displacement and slight widening of the physis (green arrow), while on the frog-leg view on the right the displacement of the L-shaped physis is moderate and easily observed (yellow arrow).

CPD article: Fractures of the femur

Radiographic assessment should include, as a minimum, mediolateral and craniocaudal views of both femurs. The craniocaudal view can be obtained either by extending the limb with the animal in dorsal...

Figure 1. Approximate distribution of Echinococcus multilocularis in the fox in Europe.

Parasite risks from raw meat-based diets for companion animals

Every owner is aware that fresh meat is appreciated by most dogs and cats, but so are many wet commercial foods. The smell, taste and shape of meat probably meets the instinctual need. In general,...

Figure 4. The left glaucomatous eye treated with a Molteno gonio-implant. Note the abnormal pupil margin due to iridotomies performed during surgery.

Glaucoma: a self-assessment

Historically, the definition of glaucoma in veterinary medicine was an elevation of IOP (Gelatt et al, 2013). However, glaucoma is not that simple. Glaucoma is currently defined as the final common...

Figure 1. Mediolateral and plantarodorsal views of the tarsus of a 5-year old Labrador Retriever that presented after a road traffic accident non-weight bearing on the hind limb. The calcaneal tuber is fractured transversely at its base with moderate proximal and plantar displacement. Many pinpoint bone fragments are present at the fracture site dorsally. There is mild swelling of the plantar tarsal region.

Tarsal fractures: part 2

The calcaneus is the largest and longest bone of the tarsus (Evans, 1993). The distal half of the bone is wide transversely and possesses three facets and two processes whereby it is fitted with the...

Figure 3. Ocular thelaziosis by Thelazia callipaeda in a cat living in central Italy (courtesy of Mariasole Colombo).

Vector-borne disease distributions and risks to the UK

Fleas (Ctenocephalides felis and Ctenocephalides canis) are cosmopolitan ectoparasites, feeding on dogs and cats, which act as competent vectors for a high number of pathogens (Traversa, 2013). A...

Anaesthetic complications and emergencies preparedness part 2: intraoperative and recovery period complications

Hyperthermia is a relatively uncommon complication of anaesthesia, with overall frequency of 1.4% in dogs and cats, according to McMillan and Darcy (2016). Thick-coated dogs are more at risk for this...

Tarsal fractures: part 1

The canine tarsus is a complex anatomical structure composed of seven tarsal bones. The term also applies collectively to the several joints between the tarsal bones, as well as the region between the...