Figure 14. Photograph of a pug immediately before combined medial canthoplasty and Hotz-Celsus surgery. Note the medial entropion, large nasal folds, exoptropia, and large amount of visible sclera.

Brachycephalic ocular syndrome in dogs

The cornea, tears and eyelids are a functional unit. A good analogy would be the windscreen of a car, which relies on wipers and washer water and additives to stay clear and functional. There are...

Figure 3. Molly following enucleation of the left globe. Note the marked brachycephalic conformation in the remaining right eye.

Decision making around a traumatic proptosis

Please note that this self-assessment has focused on the decision-making process around a case of traumatic proptosis, and not treatment options and procedure descriptions..