The recent reports of H5N1 avian influenza infection in domestic cats, potentially linked to the consumption of raw pet food, have ignited concerns about the safety of this increasingly popular dietary choice and its potential ramifications. An article published in The Guardian (2024) highlighted these cases, raising questions about the adequacy of current safety protocols for raw pet food and prompting calls for further investigation.
The rising popularity of raw pet food in the UK presents a growing concern for animal health and biosecurity. While supporters highlight its perceived health benefits, the potential for raw products to transmit pathogens, particularly H5N1, underscores the need for a thorough review of existing safety measures. The veterinary sector finds itself at a critical juncture, grappling with the potential for increased caseloads, complex diagnostic challenges and the need for enhanced biosecurity protocols.
The impact of H5N1 on wild bird populations and poultry farms is well documented (gov.uk, 2024; Adams, 2025). However, the potential for transmission through raw pet food introduces a new element of concern. The recent cases of feline H5N1 infection (The Guardian, 2024) are a stark reminder of the potential consequences.
An increase in H5N1 cases among domestic animals would put pressure on strained resources. Veterinarians would face a surge in complex cases requiring advanced diagnostics and specialised treatment protocols. The need for enhanced biosecurity measures within clinics could lead to further complications.
Beyond the immediate clinical challenges, the raw food debate raises ethical and communication concerns. Veterinary nurses will need to engage in sensitive conversations with pet owners who are trying the raw food diet, balancing scientific evidence with individual beliefs and anecdotal claims. Providing clear, unbiased information about the potential risks, including H5N1 contamination, will be necessary, even if it challenges deeply held convictions.