There are several common pathophysiological disturbances that result in vasodilatory shock; a brief review of these allows for a more complete understanding of the rationale of behind vasopressor...
This case report describes the approach to, and medical treatment of, complex ventricular arrhythmias in a young dog. Ventricular arrhythmias can present as an incidental finding, as in this case;...
The age distribution is middle-aged to older cats, with the mean or median age at admission between 7 and 12 years old (Smith et al, 2003; Borgeat et al, 2014; Guillaumin et al, 2020). Male cats are...
Diagnostic tests are needed to either diagnose conditions, assess severity or stage of disease, identify concurrent disease, select appropriate treatment or assess the efficacy of therapy. Physical...
The normal endocardium is resistant to adherence of pathogens, but it can become susceptible when damaged. Mechanical or inflammatory lesions can cause bacterial seeding within the endothelium. In one...
A 3-year-old male Labrador Retriever was referred following the detection of a sustained tachycardia while undergoing investigations following a two-day history of lethargy and vomiting. Physical...
This disease is progressive and degenerative, causing distortion of the mitral valve structure and consequent disruption to the normal haemodynamic function of the heart. In a normal heart, the two...